Fusing glass is a beautiful and rewarding art form that allows you to create everything from colorful jewelry to stunning wall art. Whether you’re just getting started or curious about how it works, this 6-step overview will help you understand the process.
Step 1: Designing Your Piece
Every fused glass project starts with a design. This is where you decide what you want to create—whether it’s a pendant, coaster, a bowl or any other glass art idea you can imagine. Sketch out your idea, choose a color palette, and plan the layers of glass you’ll use. Keep in mind that different types of glass (such as transparent, opaque, and iridescent, etc) will create varying effects when fused together.
Tip: Use compatible glass, typically COE 90 or COE 96, to ensure successful fusing without cracking.
Step 2: Cutting the Glass
Once your design is ready, it’s time to cut the glass. Use a glass cutter to score your pieces and running pliers to break them along the score line. Start with basic shapes and layer them according to your design.
Essential tools: Glass cutter, running pliers, and a sturdy cutting surface.
Step 3: Cleaning the Glass
Cleaning is a critical but often overlooked step. Any dust, oil, or residue on the glass can affect the way it fuses. There are many methods to clean your glass. One way is to use a glass cleaner and dry it with a lint-free cloth before assembling your project.
Tip: Handle the glass by the edges after cleaning to avoid reintroducing oils from your fingers.
Step 4: Assembling Your Layers
With your glass pieces cut and cleaned, assemble them according to your design. Lay them on a kiln shelf lined with kiln paper or coated with kiln wash to prevent sticking during firing. You can layer glass pieces to create dimension or place them side by side for a mosaic effect.
Tip: Leave some space between pieces if you’re not aiming for a full fuse, as glass tends to spread slightly during firing.
Step 5: Firing in the Kiln
The magic happens in the kiln! Place your assembled project inside and program the kiln according to the type of fuse you want:
• Full fuse: The glass melts completely into a single, smooth layer.
• Tack fuse: The glass pieces fuse together but retain some texture and shape.
• Slumping: After fusing, you can fire the piece again over a mold to give it shape (ex: turning a flat piece into a bowl).
The kiln firing process involves ramping up to the target temperature, holding it for a specific time, and then cooling slowly to avoid thermal shock. A typical full fuse firing schedule can take anywhere from 8 to 12 hours for small pieces, but can take quite a bit longer for larger works of art.
Step 6: Finishing Touches
Once your piece has cooled, it’s ready for finishing. Depending on the project, you might want to:
• Sand sharp edges: Use a diamond pad or grinder if needed and return the piece back to the kiln for a “Fire Polish” which will bring the ground edges back to a nice shine.
• Add hardware: Attach bails for pendants or hooks for hanging pieces.
• Clean and polish: Give your piece a final wipe-down for a brilliant shine.
Final Thoughts
Fusing glass is a fascinating process that combines creativity, design, and a bit of science. By following these six steps—designing, cutting, cleaning, assembling, firing, and finishing—you can create stunning works of art, whether you’re aiming for functional pieces or decorative designs.
Ready to try your hand at fusing glass? Start small, have fun, and remember that each piece is a unique reflection of your creativity!
Have questions about the process or need help getting started? Let me know in the comments—I’d love to help!